Analog and Digital Recording essays

Analog and Digital Recording essays When you listen to a tape, do you know how the sound got there? When you purchase a CD or a record, do you know which will sound better and last longer? Do you know the components of Digital and Analog recording? In this essay I will define, explain and compare the similarities of Digital and Analog recording. Analog recording means, the wave form of the recorded signal resembles the wave form of the original. (Alten) Records were of the few amongst the beginning of Analog recording, however compared to Digital recording, Analog has a low frequency control due to the fact that the amplitude of the electrical signal produced was proportional to the side to side velocity of the stylus. (Walsh) Something in which people listen to frequently is Audiotape. Audiotape in Analog recording is defined as the conversion of electrical signals into magnetic signals in the recording stage and then it is encoded onto tape. When the tape is played back, magnetic signals are then reconverted back into electrical signals. (Alten) The composure of Audiotape recording is a stripe of plastic which has been coated with material that is easily magnetized. It has three heads, which are the Erasehead, Recordhead and the Playhead, which is also known as the E.R.P. (Alten) The signals that are applied to the Recordheads are equalized according to the speed and the tape type. (Digital Domain) The functions of the three different types of Heads are as follows. The Erasehead; neutralizes the polarities of the magnetic particles to remove sound from the tape. (Alten) This is why most people are careful of hitting that record button by accident, while playing valuable information. The Recordhead is the one we use when dubbing a song or our voices to tape. It carries two signals, the record bias current and the audio current. This signal ...

Situational Factors Essays

Situational Factors Essays Situational Factors Paper Situational Factors Paper Situational Factors influencing the team development.  1.Personal Factors: There are a lot of personal factors influencing a team development. One can have a complete different view to anothers on certain issues and this may result in the team closeness. Similarity in commitments, ability, attitudes and goals are all positively associated with team unity however individual satisfaction is most important factor in the team development. In our case we had lots of clashes may be because of being from different cultures. 2.Size of the team: The size of the team is another factor. Small teams ( 10 or fewer members) will make the team effective. If there are many members then it is difficult fo cooperate and meet regularly as well. Our team consisted of members and that was an ideal size for the project  3.Cultural Factors: Increased awareness about the nature and effects of cultural differences can overcome barriers to adjustment and peak performance within the team. The participants analyze their own cultural profile. The group members in our case were from different cultures but we were aware of their cultures and that is why we didnt had to suffer a lot. She in return would implement and/or practice cleanliness on the factory floor. Both parties can agree to disagree on the need for cleanliness but understand why it is important and needed in the state-of-the-art production facility. Each stand to lose something valuable; Bill stands the chance of losing a good employee and she stands the chance of losing a great Job. The key here, is preventing both from reaching a lose-lose situation; both parties will have to make sacrifices in order to reach a common goal or objective. Situational Factors By tparker279

Health of Family Business Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2750 words

Health of Family Business - Essay Example The organisation with the assistance of quality and homemade ingredients is facilitated in providing fresh products, which have assisted in performing business operations in a financially stabilised manner. The marketing activities have also aided the organisation in creating better awareness amid customers in the market segments. However, certain limitations are identified in the area of financial operations, investment procurement and management structure. In this regard, recommendations are made which include online business operations, external investments and developing business relationship with external business consultants in order to ensure that business operations are conducted sustainably. Subsequently, it can be stated that the business operations of the organisation are performed moderately in the market segment of the UK. Family business is a kind of business domain which is conducted based on the prevailing ethos of a family. Family business is recognised as an importa nt backbone responsible for the development of an economy. The concept of family business has assisted in generating wealth along with job opportunities in a community. A business is identified to be a family business if an individual, who has developed the firm, possesses the majority of the rights in making decisions. Additionally, in circumstances when the business operations are managed by family members, it is recognised as a family business correspondingly, a very close family friend operates .

Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder Research Paper

Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder - Research Paper Example There are unique behaviors associated with ADHD. Some of these include difficulties in maintaining focus, becoming easily distracted, a child being easily bored, difficulties in becoming organized and completing a specific task, daydreaming etc. Research indicates that ferritin is one of the major contributors to these behavioral problems that are reported by both the teachers and parents. Iron contributes largely towards brain development. As a result, ADHD has been potentially linked with ID for different reasons. First, it is a disorder that appears during early childhood periods. Second, studies have linked ADHD to dopaminergic dysfunction. Nevertheless, iron supplements were found to have been attenuating ADHD symptoms in children with ID. There have been different opinions of if oral contraceptives affect bone density in reproductive-aged women. Research was conducted and a conclusion was reached that oral contraceptives have no change on the bone density therefore erasing fears that these drugs might have been causing ADHD in children In conclusion, iron is an important component in brain development of a child. In addition, it contributes heavily to the formation of body neurons. As a result, expectant mothers are expected to take a balanced diet in order to supply the fetus with enough iron.

Recommendation to purchase Southwest Airlines Research Paper

Recommendation to purchase Southwest Airlines - Research Paper Example It is not long ago in 2002, when United Airlines, in the wake of the downturn resulting from the September 11 attacks, was forced to file for bankruptcy. Further, American airlines is operating currently with over $18 billion debt in its balance sheets. During the concluding financial year, the three biggest airlines in the United States have posted combined losses to the tune of $15 billion. This is huge considering the millions of money belonging to shareholders, which is at stake (Kevin Freiberg, 2006). In contrast, Southwest airlines have earned a profit of $178 million in 2008, although this figure is substantially less in comparison to the preceding year (decline by 72.4%). As such, the airline happens to be one of the few airlines to post a profit despite the problems being faced in the sector. this puts its profit at a much larger margin than the performances of all the other airlines put together. In terms of passenger traffic, the airline boarded more than $88 million passengers, a figure which has not been surpassed by any other airline, as per the figures from the Department of Transportation. However, it must be pointed out that Southwest is still placed 7th in terms of revenue with close to $11 billion in 2008 (Charles OReilly, 2005). When considered in tersm of its fleet size, southwest emerges the front runner and is capable to carry more passengers especially when including even its overseas routes. All along, especially since the period after the terrorist attacks in 2001, industry analysts have been constantly questioning whether Southwest would be in a position to maintain its upward trajectory. However, it must be recognized that despite the recent decline in sales, Southwest is among the very few airlines that has posted a profit when other carriers are experiencing both decline in sales as well as passenger volumes (Kevin Freiberg, 2006). It is therefore no surprise that Southwest has time and again managed to be included in

A Case Study Of The Romano Family Social Work Essay

A Case Study Of The Romano Family Social Work Essay Drug abuse as well as alcohol and tobacco use is the leading cause of all preventable deaths and illnesses in the United States. The awareness by the public about the medical consequences of abusing substances has over the last 15 years been awakening as a result of the ever-increasing rate of AIDS prevalence among substance abusers. However, AIDS only represents a tip of the iceberg to the problems presented by substance abuse. Tobacco, alcohol and other drugs contribute to half a million deaths yearly. This represents a ratio of one in every four deaths. The morbidity as a result of legal and illegal drug abuse is also of equal devastation. Substance abuse has tremendous cost in terms of the loss of productivity and its demand on the heath care resources. This is as a result of viral and bacterial infections from illicit drugs injections, cardiopulmonary diseases and cancer as a result of smoking and vehicular crash and cirrhosis from alcohol among other complications. This excerpt will offer a review of information regarding the risk as well as the protective factors that aid in the development of substance abuse as well as the effectiveness of interventions meant to prevent substance use in this population. It will mainly focus on the Romano Family case study and produce relative literature that would aid in the familys treatment and prevention of further substance abuse. The Romano family case study The Romano children exhibit most of the symptoms present in substance abusing adolescents. This include: sudden change in personality in areas such as discipline, school attendance and grades; the children have also been reported to have outbreaks of tempers and flare ups, two of the children actually insulted their respective teachers; a withdrawal from necessary responsibilities; a change in the overall attitude of the adolescent; loss of interest in some of the childs favorite pursuits; a change of friends as well as being reluctant to be visited by friends; sudden aggression, nervousness and jitteriness; difficulties in being attentive; increased secretiveness; deterioration of grooming. The symptoms exhibits often differ from one individual to another as well as across different substances abused (Fisher Harrison 2011). However, the most glaring symptom in any case of substance abuse is a radical change in ones behavior. Other physical symptoms amongst substance abusers include impaired motor skills, memory impairment, slurred speech and attention impairment. Substance abuse is often classified into three classes. Substance use comprises the occasion use of drugs and alcohol without advancing to tolerance or experiencing withdrawal symptoms when one is not on drugs. Substance abuse comprises the continual use of drugs while having the knowledge that it us creating, physical, social and psychological problems (Maguin, Zucker, Fitzgerald, 1994). Once a person develops dependence, then they experience substance use over a loner period than they had anticipated or intended, they struggle with controlling the use of the substance without any success, a lot of time is spent sourcing the drug, using it and recovering from it, there are frequent episodes of detoxification and intoxication, continuous substance use even when there is knowledge of the physical, social and psychological problems of the usage, withdrawal symptoms, increased tolerance, using the substance to relieve the effect of withdrawal symptoms. For dependence to be diagnosed, t hen, at least three of these factors must be present. In the case of the Romano children, they are not. They as such mostly fall in the stage of use and some in the substance abuse stage considering the behavior changes and social damage in their respective classes, insulting teachers and fighting other students (Fisher Harrison 2011). Diagnosis and treatment of substance abuse in Romano Family The younger a child starts engaging in drug usage, the higher the risk is that he/she will develop substance abuse disorder later on into adulthood as well as suffer from serious associated health consequences. Six of the Romano children have displayed symptoms of substance abuse. To make matters worse the youngest of them is 6 years. As such, their situation needs immediate remedy. This is because of the consequences of using drugs especially at such a young age. Accidental and intentional fatalities that are associated with the usage of alcohol and drugs in the adolescent population are the leading cause of preventable deaths in the 15-24 year population bracket. Alcohol consumption in this population presents the highest risk of academic underachievement, depression, delinquency and teenage pregnancies. Drug use has also been presented as one of the contributing factors to the rise in HIV infections witnessed between 1985 and 1990. Research shows that this period also presented th e crack cocaine epidemic. The lifestyle of drug and alcohol abusing places the victim in a more precarious position of getting infected due to the reduction in inhibitions, impaired judgment and the sex-for-drugs phenomena (NIDA Notes, 2002). Predictive risk factors The risk-protective theory is the most relevant model in attempting to develop an evidence- based model to provide diagnosis and treatment options for the Romano family substance abuse problem. According to these theories, addiction to drugs develops as a result of a complex interplay between the victims, the agent (alcohol/drugs) and the individuals environment. Interactions between cognitive, social, cultural, personality attitudinal and developmental factor is usually the determinant of substance abuse in children. As an individual, one might be pre-disposed to alcohol and drug use as a matter of their genetic makeup. The family is usually a culprit in initiating the first influence to drink alcohol, smoke or use other drugs. Other factors that are related to adolescent drug use include poor school performance, low religiosity poor self image, family dysfunction, parental rejection over- or under-controlling parents and divorce. In the case study, the parents are mostly absent fro m their childrens lives because of their busy work programs. This can be considered a factor as the children may be feeling neglected. The parents absence has also helped the substance abuse habit to continue uninhibited so far (Belcher, Shinitzky, 1998). Peer influence is also a leading factor of initiating adolescent into drug abuse. Children predisposition to abuse drugs often pushes them to seek out others who have similar inclination. The Romano family children seem to adopt this model in their abuse which affects all six of them, a large number in one family by any ones standards. They have shunned peer groups in their school and only associate with one another. In this case the influencing peers are the siblings. If there substance abuse is peer based then it is likely for them to be easier to abstain from the habit as opposed to if a psychological dysfunction is present (Belcher, Shinitzky, 1998). In the community, African American and their Hispanic counterpart are likely to obtain drugs in a relatively easier and cheaper way than their white peers. This exposure is however misleading as the white adolescents have a higher reported rate of substance abuse that their African American counterparts. However, the adolescents in populations in lower privileged neighborhood were most likely to be exposed to cocaine up to five times more than those in privileged areas (Belcher, Shinitzky, 1998). The likelihood that a child will develop externalizing disorders can be traced back to preschool years. Oppositional defiant disorders, conduct disorders and attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorders observed in children during their preschool years are likely to develop as a child grows older. This conditions even if mild in the early years may advance into severe symptoms such as aggression, stealing and substance abuse. Another factor is difficult temperament in children that is characterized by negativity, moodiness, provocations and poor compliance may lead to the child being ostracized or criticized by authority figures. If this occurs in the family, it presents the model of coercive parenting that is present in families where the children adopt delinquency and substance abuse (Belcher, Shinitzky, 1998). Protective factors Protective factor comprise those characteristics present in the individual, his/her family as well as in the environment which are able to prevent individuals from adverse outcomes. The Romano family is most likely lacking in offering a nurturing home where the children and the parents are in open communication and the children have parental support that is positive. Personality traits such as self-control, self-concept, self-esteem, academic achievement and social competence also aid in raising the resiliency of the adolescent to avoid substance abuse. The challenge Model is utilizes the resiliency principles on the capacity of the individual to respond as well as to manage his/her life. It states that an individual has the capacity of achieving past the negative factors that might be in their life. As such, a chaotic family does not necessarily condemn an individual to be damaged forever. The challenge model comprises of seven principles in the facilitation of healthy and adaptive development of individuals: independence, insight relationships, humor, initiative, creativity and morality. Developing effective prevention strategies relies on considering both risk factors and protective factors (Belcher, Shinitzky, 1998). If the Romano children were also able to establish friends with positive oriented peers at school who understand the problems presented by substance abuse, then these friends are bound to improve their resilience against the habit. The parents also have a role to play, by establishing a sufficient parenting model despite their busy schedule. The parents are also described as normal by the teachers and as such are in a position to represent as protective factors to their children. On their part, the teachers and the school is committed to the welfare of the students as witnessed by their concern and follow up of the Romano case. The school also has clear rules and expectations regarding the use of drugs by students. The family should also aim at exposing their children to a supportive and safe family. This community should have a negative attitude towards the use of drugs. There are also many positive services and activities that are available to the youth which the family should enro ll the children in to occupy their free time when the parents are away. Educational and treatment approaches are also presented by such communities to assist the adolescents suffering from substance abuse (NIDA Notes, 2002). Children and adolescents present a big challenge in the diagnostic of substance abuse disorder. It is usually likely for the diagnostic evaluation to focus on a particular coexisting disorder or pre-morbid condition for example depression and/or conduct disorder. This can result to the substance abuse being missed or overlooked. This is a common challenge in adolescents as they will often fear being punished for their actions and will in most cases deny ever attempting drugs. They may also feel threatened if the person interviewing them is not sufficiently sensitized with regard to the problem aspect of substance abuse. The need for adolescents to experiment as well as push the limits also presents a point of confusion. The evaluation of substance abuse will therefore require the careful collection of information that can be quantified regarding the pre-existing conditions associated with the abuse. A rational treatment plan cannot be implemented without the performance of an accurat e diagnosis which includes an evaluation of the pre-existing problems and the degree and type of dependence/abuse (NIDA Notes, 2002). Effects of alcohol Alcohol remains the number one substance used by both the youth and adults across the world. The effects are present of this substance can be seen in the youth, within the family, the justice system and the public health sector. Alcohol consumption patterns revealed in studies on such aspects as drinking and driving and binge drinking provides predictive information that is crucial in the fight against substance abuse. Figures from 2005 indicate that the rate of alcohol use in populations aged 12 years and older stands at 9.7 percent. In a state like Arizona, one out of every four individuals indicated that had engaged in binge drinking in the month that preceded the survey. Although alcohol use by adults is of concern, its effect on underage drinkers is alarming. Alcohol is said to kill almost seven more times more underage drinker than a combination of all the other illicit drugs. In addition to this, childrens drinking is a high risk factor for perpetrating violence, falling victi m of violent situation and also being involved in violent accidents such as car crashes. Alcohol also has deleterious effect on the mental, physical and emotional development in the students. In particular it contributes to academic underachievement of students and their eventual failure as productive individuals in the society (Fisher Harrison, 2011). Underage drinking increases the risk of children to develop academic problems, make poor decisions, engage in criminal behavior, engage in risky sexual activities, perpetrate sexual and physical assaults (such as fighting in the case of the Romano children), be victims of both sexual and physical assaults, increase their likelihood of dying young as well as posse a risk to damage their brains irreparably. In addition to the negative effect of underage on the development of the youth, on road safety and on the judicial system, it also possess financial burden on the society that is extraordinary. Handling the various areas of alcohol abuse by the youth such as community treatment programs requires allot of money and resources and is as such a burden to the community (Fisher Harrison, 2011). Research indicate that in situations where a child starts drinking before they are 15 years old, then the risk of them developing alcohol-related problems in their adulthood increases fivefold. Alcohol also posses a risk of harming the brain of an adolescent: stunting brain development. The information generated by these researches provides parents as well as other adults with more reasons why they should act to protect and ensure the health and safety of the children not only in America but worldwide (Fisher Harrison, 2011). Impact of substance abuse among diverse populations By 2003, the United States reported a 9.1 percent of the population said to be suffering from substance use disorder, this is roughly 21.6 million people. 154 million of these were alcohol dependent with drug dependence affecting 44 million. A combination of alcohol and drug dependence was found in 3 million of them. The adolescents and children in the country are feeling the effects most as almost 25 percent of them live in household where the adults or parents are binge or heavy drinkers. A child in every ten children in the country is also said to live in a household that uses illicit drugs. The impact of these is that children grow up with physical and mental drawbacks. A child of an alcoholic parent is at a higher risk of developing alcohol use than any other child and also suffers other mental health problems. Boys are likely to develop externalizing behavior disorders and the girls internalizing behavior disorders both of which predispose them to substance abuse. Children with parents who are illicit drug abusers have a tendency to demonstrate irresponsible, impulsive or immature behavior, have poor school attendance, low IQ score and have behavioral problems that may also involve anxiety and depression. Ion addition, they are also likely to manifest fearfulness, negative concepts of self, loneliness and concentration impairment. All this increase their risk of engaging in substance abuse. The problems of substance abuse also bring considerable shame and associated stigma to their lives which presents a problem of identification in them (Fisher Harrison, 2011). Summary Adolescents engage in use and abuse of substances for various and complex reasons. Most of these reasons can be explained by biological theories, for example, disease model and the social learning theories which focus on environmental factors. The Romano Family case study, as would many cases involving school going children, points mainly to the risk-protective factor theory to explain the childrens substance abuse. This theory is able to distinguish between high and low risk factors leading to the development of the problem of substance abuse amongst school going children and as such help in establishing effective treatment programs for the patients.

History as We Leave It :: History Historical Essays

History as We Leave It Literary description always opens onto another scene set, so to speak, "behind" the this-worldly things it purports to depict. --- Michel Beaujour, "Some Paradoxes of Description" When I was very young, my grandmother told me that my great, great grandfather came to northern Minnesota in the 1890s and settled the small town we lived in, Askov. She said that he was a very brave pioneer who tread across unknown territory, and no one had ever lived on that land before. I pictured my ancestors arriving here and finding nothing but animals that they had to fight away — like they were the only people around for miles until other people came to join them. Until they arrived, Minnesota was a land untouched, unconquered and uncivilized. I never heard of Indians, or that they had once inhabited the land — even my teachers hardly mentioned them in elementary school. I thought they were just fictitious characters on Saturday morning cartoons until I eventually learned that they were real and once inhabited the land. As illustrated in the story that my grandma told me, how we tell our stories have an impact on the history we leave; how we talk about the Nativ e Americans (or fail to talk about them) influences history and how we leave it. The most raw accounts of how people tell their stories is in personal letters where they feel free to use their own words and thoughts, thinking that their words have little effect on the ones reading them or the world around them. Consider the excerpt from a letter written by Sophie Bost, a white settler in Minnesota during the Minnesota Uprising in 1862: And then there are these Indians! I would really like to know where they are after all the scare they’ve given us! [. . .] I dreamed night before last that my children were butchered before my eyes [. . .] and I had taken them into my bed and was sleeping with an arm under each one, [as comfortable] as though I had been massacred myself. [italics mine] (Bowen 214) The words â€Å"butchered† and â€Å"massacred† show the fear she carried about Indians and exasperation about how she and her husband were going to protect their children. I do not doubt that living in those times must have been terrifying for anybody. In other words, Indians could just as easily have used the words â€Å"butchered† and â€Å"massacred† to describe white attacks upon them.