Consumer Behaviour Essay - 1598 Words

Introduction The purpose of this report is to analyse and discuss how 2 consumer behaviour theories are applied in the Chinese chocolate market as well as how it differs from the Australian market. This paper discuss the chocolate industry of the most populous country of the world based on Market Segmentation and Maslow’s Theory, moreover presents how the Asian country is a potential market for Australian exporters. Chocolate history in China The Chinese taste for chocolate is relatively new if compared to the age of the country, the brown sweet was first introduced in the 80s (Allen 2011) from American and European companies. The product was considered exotic and prestigious, a luxury item because was imported resulting†¦show more content†¦reliable infrastructure and electrical facilities in nearly all non-rural cities) to store goods such as Tim-Tams in any location it is chosen to be sold at. Profitability: Due to the significant differences in economic growth and prosperity between Chinese cities, not every city is suitable to sell (what may be regarded in some areas as) expensive products. For example, Shanghai, Hong Kong, Beijing and Sheng Zhen are considered as relatively wealthy regions. On the other hand, See Chuang, Guang Xi and Wu Nan are considered as poorer cities, with lower socioeconomic ratings. In this case, Tim Tam has to conduct a research of each city and to analyse which will best suit them before initiating further action. This contrasts to Australia, as our distribution of income and wealth is substantially more consistent throughout different regions. Factors such as our progressive tax system, unemployment benefits, and many job opportunities are reasons for this. Demographic segmentation refers to dividing the market based upon methods of identification and characterisation such as sex, age, social class, religion, culture, occupation, education, income, martial status, etc. As of 2012, China has a median age of 35.5, a population growth rate of 0.481%, a population of 1.35 billion, and a ratio of males to females of 1.06:1. Ethnic groups consist of Han Chinese (91.5%), with Zhuang, Manchu, Hui, Miao, amongst other nationalities (8.5%). InterestinglyShow MoreRelatedConsumer Behaviour Models and Consumer Behaviour in Tourism8170 Words   |  33 PagesConsumer Behavior Models in Tourism Analysis Study Muhannad M.A Abdallat, Ph.D. Assistant Professor Hesham El –Sayed El - Emam, Ph.D. Assistant Professor Department of Tourism and Hospitality, Faculty of Tourism and Archeology King Saud University ABSTRACT The theories of consumer decision-making process assume that the consumer’s purchase decision process consists of steps through which the buyer passes in purchasing a product or service. However, this might not be the case. Not every consumerRead MoreQuestions On Consumer Behaviour And Consumer Behavior1536 Words   |  7 Pages SUBMISSION TITLE: Consumer Behaviour PRODUCT: Two Wheeler INDIAN INSTITUTE OF MANAGEMENT LUCKNOW Over the years there has been a shift in the consumer buying behaviour of two wheelers. 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The Apology Has Much More Depth Than Just A Dialogue

The Apology has much more depth than just a dialogue recounting a legal jurisprudence. The individuals within the discourse are fashioned by their values and beliefs. The political arena is wrought with uncertainty and fear due to the continuing state of upheaval and war. Socrates presents himself to the jury as a moralist, a humanitarian, and a philosopher who believes in duty to the youth, the citizens, and the municipality. He claims innocence against the accusations. However, Socrates is found guilty. He accepts his punishment, death, without question alluding obedience to the state and its authority. Although Socrates accepts his punishment, I say it is ethically acceptable for citizens of a community to refuse to comply with civic authority. The circumstance within which a citizen would find such acceptance relies upon what is ethically right compared to what is considered acceptable. Within each person lies the answer to solve any dilemma that causes a weight upon their very soul. Now while it is true that everyone’s values are different and not every law is agreeable to all, civic duty is part of the social contract. The social contract which the governed made with its citizens gives certain liberties while agreeing to offer certain protections. For if each individual only obeyed the laws with which they agreed and disobeyed the laws with which they disagreed, there would be absolute chaos. However, revolutionary movements would not be necessary if not for theShow MoreRelatedEssay about Meno and the Socratic Method1413 Words   |  6 PagesMeno was one of Plato’s earliest of dialogues, written in depth the book is founded around a central question: If virtue can be taught, then how? And if not, then how does virtue come to man, either by nature or some other way? 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The Computing Technologies

Question: Discuss about the Xiaomi's $45 billion formula for success and the app AutoGo is fixing China's mess of petrol stations. Answer: Introduction The computing technologies have drastically evolved with passing time to innovate new ideas and new methods that utilize the power of scientific data and processing techniques. The rapid advancement of information technology brings about new concepts and elements onto the field that collectively participate in forming an assemblage of computing. These technologies consist of several aspects of science and communication study. It is important to perform an effective evaluation of the system assemblage essentially involves identifying the human and non-human actors that interact with each other by playing individual roles; and ultimately form a network of information systems (Willcocks 2013). For this purpose, the paper analyzes two modern computing stories based on actor network theory to unveil the major aspects of fulfilling the technical objectives of the assemblage by establishing proper interactions among the actants. Actor Network Theory Actor network theory or ANT provides a conceptual framework that guides the socio-technical processes involved in different technological systems. The main components of actor network theory are actor and network. The core of ANT describes interrelationships among the various actors in scientific networks. It is closely relevant to the present study of identifying the participation of actors in modern computing assemblage (Sayes 2014). It is mainly because ANT helps understand the technical innovation processes and scientific knowledge creation. The actors (both human and non-human) act on the network, more specifically, between sociology and technology sciences. Xiaomi's $45 billion formula for success Xiaomis Mi Pad specifications (pink / green/ blue/ white) entirely resembles with iPad Mini 4s specifications, including display of 7.9 inches, resolution of 2,048 x 1,536, and per inches 326 pixels (Wired UK 2016). In this regard, the CEO and co-founder of Xiaomi, Mr. Lei Jun, have stated that the design of Mi Pad has been greatly influenced by Apples iPhone (Farias and Bender 2012). For this purpose, Xiaomi approached Apple manufacturers and as a result, Mi Pad happened from the inspiration. However, the real story lies in the pricing strategy adopted by Xiaomi that made them worlds most valuable technology start up business (Qiu 2013). It enabled them to not only run successful smart phone business, but also initiated a potential fan base out of its existing as well as new customers. These fans participate in co-designing, facilitating transfer of market demand risk. The strategy enabled Xiaomi to enter into Indian, Indonesian markets and many more. It soon became Chinas biggest smart phone company, selling 7.2 million phones in 2012, 18.7 million in 2013, 61 million in 2014, and finally over 70 million in 2015 (Shih, Lin and Luarn 2014). From the ANT viewpoint, the actants directly involved in the scientific and socio-technical network work together to establish an assemblage that develops a connected life style with a new era of technological innovation. The actor network theory considers the customers as significant human actants in the network of smart phone business. The product it develops and sells can solely determine the fate of the business (Lajoie and Derry 2013). It essentially necessitates the adoption of internet thinking. According to Barra, China has tremendous potential and capability to reach the leading position in consumer electronics in both innovation as well as execution. The socio-technical aspects on the concerned network involve focus, entrepreneurship and scale. ANT analysis reveals Xiaomis mission and the evolution applied on strategies for making Chinese products. In relation to this context, the story seeks to identify the relationships between Xiaomis customer existence and the influence of social elements in the technical objectives of the business (Rainer et al. 2013). Furthermore, it has been identified that the network significantly relies upon and functions depending on the valuable feedbacks from customers, friends, and users; that are considered as the non-human actants indirectly acting upon the assemblage. The app AutoGo is fixing China's mess of petrol stations The innovative idea of Guang Xiao facilitates a significant boost to the petrol station business in China by means of using an app called AutoGo that transforms the independent petrol stations into a single integrated business brand (Farias and Bender 2012). The AutoGo app is targeted to establish a networking system bringing together all the petrol and fuel stations that presently operate in the market, including Sinopec and PetroChina (Wired UK 2016). This particular app of AutoGos have been able to capture a million users within five months after it launched in 2015 April. Therefore, through this app, an integrated network can be enabled where the petrol stations signs up for free to learn about methods and strategies to enhance their level of service. Apart from that, the app also facilitates the customers by providing them a platform to make online payments for fuel purchase (Fenwick and Edwards 2012). In addition, many other benefits and services can be presented brought to consumers the single platform facilitated by the AutoGo. Some of these features and facilities include easily and efficiently targeting the loyalty discounts, presenting retail offerings through the app online. This particular process brings about significant changes in the mindset of society. It requires analyzing the social-technical aspects from the ANT point of view in order to develop the loyalty programs for doing the marketing at scale (Wired UK 2016). The primary goal or strategy formulated by AutoGo essentially involves building loyalty with the consumers and expanding the retail offering. The independent petrol and fuel station owners in China can now implement easy payment mechanism, loyalty payments, retailing and other relevant services (Davenport 2013). In this context, Xiao shared that he has significant inspiration from the US Company Fleetcor that provides fleet management services. It includes features such as signing up facilities for the gas station owners, loyalty discount offers to fleets and many more. In relation to this context, Xiao utilized the fragmented nature of the petrol station business to apply the asset-light model to integrate the common services in a sin gle brand. The application of ANT in this regard facilitates a contrast as well as interrelationship among the human and non-human actants based on the scientific advancements (Golub and Ortega 2014). Hence, the petrol station owners as well as the customers who pay for fuel online are the human actors who are acted upon by the non-human or technical actants i.e. the AutoGo app. Enhancement of management in the stories The co-founder and CEO took and utilized the positive aspects of Apples manufacturers. However, the he believed to view Xiaomi that brings about innovation and evolution in technological strategies as well as technical objectives rather than establishing itself as a facilitator of quality services (Hooper 2012). The high quality of the companys products e.g. Mi Pad solely and purposefully intends to develop a connected life style in the era of information technology advancements. The effective management of Xiaomi enabled them to become the third largest electronic commerce website (mi.com) all across China. Issues raised in the stories The fundamental strategy that it incorporated relies on the saying less is more. It is relatable with Xiaomis business method of developing a limited number of smart phone products that on the other hand, includes more number of services, facilities features and characteristics. A specific mission also adequately drives the consumers of Mi Pad (Tran et al. 2013). Maofang Road in north Beijing Haidian district there is a Xiaomi showroom that consists of Mi pads, Mi phones, Mi television smart display screens and Mi cloud remote storage. The administrative functions of Xiaomi are targeted to achieve constant improvement. On the other hand, the difference in the scenario for China significantly involves the sudden impact of mobile. The increasing use of mobile phones and smart phones essentially helps the process of making AutoGos app for petrol and fuel stations a huge success (Wired UK 2016). The comparison of actors and network in the story naturally clears the picture of the accurate relationships in its power to influence the society and its interaction with the technical aspects within the identified network (Feng et al. 2013). The human and non-human entities interacting within the network are properly functioning; this is investigated with the help of actor network theory. Conclusion The two stories have been explored from the perspective of actor network theory. A thorough analysis performed on the computing stories using the perspectives of actor network theory helps accurately identifying the actants (human and non-human) and the way the participate in the interactions within the concerned network. It effectively helps realize the importance of an integrated approach that is required to be followed by the associated actors in order to activate the assemblage and enable the operations. The smart innovation and technical developments of modern computing entities have been taken into consideration for evaluating and analyzing the role of actants in an information technology network. The network of technologies identified within the digital world of information and communication technology (ICT) radically transforms societys relationship to technology and the associated human and non-human actors. The study of social science deeply incorporates the identification of technical as well as non-technical components, human associations with the fundamental base. References Davenport, T.H., 2013.Process innovation: reengineering work through information technology. Harvard Business Press. Farias, I. and Bender, T. eds., 2012.Urban assemblages: How actor-network theory changes urban studies. Routledge. Feng, D., Siu, W.C. and Zhang, H.J. eds., 2013.Multimedia information retrieval and management: Technological fundamentals and applications. Springer Science Business Media. Fenwick, T. and Edwards, R., 2012.Researching education through actor-network theory. John Wiley Sons. Golub, G.H. and Ortega, J.M., 2014.Scientific computing: an introduction with parallel computing. Elsevier. Hooper, L., 2012. Actor Network Theory. Lajoie, S.P. and Derry, S.J. eds., 2013.Computers as cognitive tools. Routledge. Qiu, G., 2013. China Emerges as a Smartphone Power.SERI Quarterly,6(4), p.16. Rainer, R.K., Cegielski, C.G., Splettstoesser-Hogeterp, I. and Sanchez-Rodriguez, C., 2013.Introduction to information systems: Supporting and transforming business. John Wiley Sons. Sayes, E., 2014. ActorNetwork Theory and methodology: Just what does it mean to say that nonhumans have agency?.Social Studies of Science,44(1), pp.134-149. Shih, C.C., Lin, T.M. and Luarn, P., 2014. Fan-centric social media: The Xiaomi phenomenon in China.Business Horizons,57(3), pp.349-358. Tran, S.T., Le Ngoc Thanh, N.Q.B. and Phuong, D.B., 2013. Introduction to information technology. InProc. of the 9th inter. CDIO conf.(CDIO). Willcocks, L., 2013.Information management: the evaluation of information systems investments. Springer. Wired UK. 2016.AutoGo is connecting China's independent petrol stations (Wired UK). [online] Available at: https://www.wired.co.uk/magazine/archive/2016/04/features/autogo-china-petrol-station-brands-guang-xiao [Accessed 19 Mar. 2016]. Wired UK. 2016.Xiaomi's $45bn formula for success (and no, it's not 'copy Apple') (Wired UK). [online] Available at: https://www.wired.co.uk/magazine/archive/2016/04/features/xiaomi-lei-jun-internet-thinking [Accessed 19 Mar. 2016].

What Your Digital Content is Missing and What it Could Cost You

If a company writes a blog post and no one reads it, does it really exist? In the digital age, the amount of content your company produces for websites, blogs and social media are not nearly as important as the impact it creates in terms of views, traffic and shares. The degree to which your content has an impact will depend on a number of factors including its relevance, its originality and whether or not it is compelling for your target audience. If your blog traffic is stagnant and your social media blasts aren’t making the rounds online, what might your content be missing? Here are a few elements you need to keep in mind to create impactful content. Ensure It’s Relevant and Timely Simply put, content needs to be relevant for your target audience and be available at the right time. For example, the last thing people probably want to read about in May is a deal on shovels or tips on how to prepare for winter. People are probably more concerned about planting their garden or planning their summer vacations and you likely won’t get many readers, traffic or sales from your winter-themed posts. Make sure to do research and determine what specifically your users are interested in at different times of year and where they are looking for that information so you can be ready with the right content at the right time in the right place. The Long and Short of it There is much debate as to the optimal length for online content. Some will tell you to never go over 500 words while others strongly support the need for extensive and detailed content. But the truth is, you need a mixture of both. Make it Sharable If you are hoping to get your content shared amongst your audience, there are a few things to consider when developing this content. These include a compelling title, the type of content you choose, the way it is organized, where and when you publish, images and calls-to-action. You can find more information on these topics here. However, if you are not designing your content strategy to fit your specific audience, none of these things will help increase the reach of your content. If you give your audience what they want, they will end up doing to leg work for you. Be Emotional People need to be intrigued and entertained. Fractl explains that while an emotional response to your content is a good thing, some emotions are better then others at encouraging your audience to share. The top five shareable content emotions are amusement, interest, surprise, happiness and delight. Take advantage of these findings and bump up your audience’s interest and willingness to share. What Bad Content Could Cost You When you ignore these valuable lessons you may be missing out on more than just entertaining your audience. Having less engaging content means you will: Be less likely to have content shared on social media Have decreased online visibility Have lower brand awareness Have reduced sales Companies and marketers who miss these details and concepts in their digital content are less likely to have their content read and less likely to have it shared on social media. Take the time to get to know your audience and figure out what content they would be most interested in reading. Those who can do this well will be rewarded with more online visibility and brand awareness, which can translate into increased sales.

The Treaty of Kanagawa Opened Japan to Trade

The Treaty of Kanagawa Opened Japan to Trade The Treaty of Kanagawa was an 1854 agreement between the United States of America and the government of Japan. In what became known as the opening of Japan, the two countries agreed to engage in limited trade and to agree to the safe return of American sailors who had become shipwrecked in Japanese waters. The treaty was accepted by the Japanese after a squadron of American warships anchored in the mouth of Tokyo Bay on July 8, 1853. Japan has been a closed society with very little contact with the rest of the world for 200 years, and there was an expectation that the Japanese Emperor would not be receptive to American overtures. However, friendly relations between the two nations were established. The approach to Japan is sometimes viewed as an international aspect of Manifest Destiny. The expansion toward the West meant that the United States was becoming a power in the Pacific Ocean. American political leaders believed their mission in the world was to expand American markets into Asia. The treaty was the first modern treaty Japan negotiated with a western nation. While it was limited in scope, it did open Japan to trade with the west for the first time. The treaty led to other treaties, so it sparked enduring changes for Japanese society. Background of the Treaty of Kanagawa After some very tentative dealings with Japan, the administration of President Millard Fillmore dispatched a trusted naval officer, Commodore Matthew C. Perry, to Japan to attempt to gain entry to Japanese markets. Along with the potential for commerce, the United States sought to use Japanese ports in a limited manner. The American whaling fleet had been sailing farther into the Pacific Ocean, and it would be advantageous to be able to visit Japanese ports to load supplies, food, and fresh water. The Japanese had firmly resisted visits from American whalers. Perry arrived at Edo Bay on July 8, 1853, carrying a letter from President Fillmore requesting friendship and free trade. The Japanese were not receptive, and Perry said he would return in one year with more ships. The Japanese leadership, the Shogunate, faced a dilemma. If they agreed to the American offer, other nations would no doubt follow and seek relations with them, undermining the isolationism they sought. On the other hand, if they rejected Commodore Perrys offer, the American promise to return with a larger and modern military force seemed to be a serious threat. Perry had impressed the Japanese by arriving with four steam-powered warships which had been painted black. The ships appeared modern and formidable. The Signing of the Treaty Before leaving on the mission to Japan, Perry had read any books he could find on Japan. The diplomatic way in which he handled matters seemed to make things go more smoothly than otherwise might have been expected. By arriving and delivering a letter, and then sailing away to return months later, the Japanese leaders felt they were not being overly pressured. And when Perry arrived back in Tokyo the following year, in February 1854, leading a squadron of American ships. The Japanese were fairly receptive, and negotiations began between Perry and representatives from Japan.. Perry brought along gifts for the Japanese to provide  some idea of what American was like, He presented them with a small working model of a steam locomotive, a barrel of whiskey, some examples of modern American farming tools, and a book by the naturalist John James Audubon, Birds and Quadrupeds of America. After weeks of negotiation, the Treaty of Kanagawa was signed on March 31, 1854. The treaty was ratified by the U.S. Senate as well as by the Japanese government. The trade between the two nations was still quite limited, as only certain Japanese ports were open to American ships. However, the hard line Japan had taken about shipwrecked American sailors had been relaxed.  And American ships in the western Pacific would be able to call on Japanese ports to obtain food, water, and other supplies. American ships began mapping the waters around Japan in 1858, a scientific effort which was viewed as having great importance to American merchant sailors. Overall, the treaty was seen by Americans as a sign of progress. As word of the treaty spread, European nations began approaching Japan with similar requests, and within a few years more than a dozen other nations had negotiated treaties with Japan. In 1858 the United States, during the administration of President James Buchanan, sent a diplomat, Townsend Harris, to negotiate a more comprehensive treaty. Japanese ambassadors traveled to the United States, and they became a sensation wherever they traveled. The isolation of Japan had essentially ended, though factions within the country debated just how westernized Japanese society should become. Sources: Shogun Iesada Signs the Convention of Kanagawa.  Global Events:  Milestone Events Throughout History, edited by Jennifer Stock, vol. 2: Asia and Oceania, Gale, 2014, pp. 301-304.   Munson, Todd S. Japan, Opening of.  Encyclopedia of Western Colonialism since 1450, edited by Thomas Benjamin, vol. 2, Macmillan Reference USA, 2007, pp. 667-669. Matthew Calbraith Perry.  Encyclopedia of World Biography, 2nd ed., vol. 12, Gale, 2004, pp. 237-239.

Read articals and answer in discussion Assignment

Read articals and answer in discussion - Assignment Example Information Systems have the capacity to distinguish the performance of an organization from another. There are areas of information technology that have not been explored and fully exhausted. For example, the area of data mining, artificial intelligence and robotics, decision support system and system automation. In the dynamic business world, there are newly emerging needs of information technology that continues to raise the new needs of information System solutions. For example, the present business world requires real time systems such as mobile applications. The demand for new data communication methodologies is continuously rising and their efficiencies place organizations in different ranks (Dychà © 10). The third rule for IT management is right. IT managers should place more emphasis on the vulnerability as opposed to the opportunities that it offers. There reason for this is that IT already has a guarantee of opportunities, so there is no need of wasting efforts searching for them. Secondly, Information Technology faces unpredictable threats that can be extremely costly. IT systems should be able to take care of information within an organization and guard them from external malicious attacks. There is especially an emerging trend of cyber crime threat against Information System Solutions. This is what should worry an organization. In fact, for as long as the system is exposed to vulnerability, even the opportunities do not serve any purpose to the organization. Information Systems Risk management is an essential function that an organization cannot do without unless it is planning to remain at risk of attacks. The management of an organization must therefore have a method of iden tifying possible risks, their causes and possible controls to put in place to regulate the exposure of sensitive data to external entities. There should be a continuous review of the risks to identify the most critical dangers that the

Environmental Policies Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

Environmental Policies - Essay Example The degree to which each or any of these policies will shape the law will depend on the extent of environmental damages in a particular area. Even so, sustainable development appears to be the most common policy driver among nation states with respect to environmental laws. Sustainable development not only responds to current needs, but also seeks to ensure that the needs of subsequent generations are not compromised in the process (UK Government 2010). There are a number of policies within the main sustainable development policy for protecting the environment against the incidents of air and water pollution. With respect to air pollution, sustainable development begins with national regulation of industrial conduct, this is tempered by reference to local controls of smoke, smog and nuisance as well as international controls that seek to safeguard against damages to the global climate. Cumulatively, these policies take into account the competing interests of the right to enjoyment of one’s property and the welfare and interests of society as a whole. In other words protection of the environment against air pollution must take into account that the owner of land has the right to enjoy the use of it. As Sir John Byles stated in Hole v Barlow [1858], the law permits the â€Å"reasonable use of a lawful trade in a convenient and proper place† (Hole v Barlow 1858). This right does not end simply because an individual might â€Å"suffer annoyance from its being carried on† (Hole v Barlow 1858). Sir John Byles’ observation of the law relative to air pollution therefore reflects a policy grounded in sustainable development. If the land is used reasonably, simply annoyance from others as a result of the use of the land does not substantiate environmental concerns with respect to air pollution. The case of St. Helen’s Smelting Co. v Tipping [1865] offers more insight into how sustainable development policies drive environmental protecti on laws. In this case the House of Lords distinguished between interfering with enjoyment of the property in question and physical damages. In order to permit interference in the use of land, that use of the land must be shown to be unreasonable. However, if there is actual physical damages, there can be sanction irrespective of how the land is used (St. Helen’s Smelting Co. v Tipping 1865). The right to make a claim for redress can only rest with an actual victim (Lopez Ostra v Spain 1995). Therefore air pollution resulting from the work carried out by a factory will only be actionable by a victim who suffers harm as a result of the manner in which the factory operates and releases pollutants in the air. The common air we breathe however, is regulated by policies seeking to prevent and control the threat of disease and the contamination of the air. The Clean Air Act 1956 not only demonstrates this degree of control and prevention, but also demonstrates the significance of su stainable development policies. In this regard, the Clean Air Act 1956 and now the Clean Air Act 1993 seeks to control toxic emissions in the air, provides for furnace designs, the height and design of chimneys and designates the smoke control zones (Clean Air Act 1993). It therefore follows that the Clean Air Act 1993, by statutorily controlling emissions, and smoke emissions via furnace and chimney designs and by designating smoke zones, attempts to ensure that the air is used reasonably. The idea is to ensure that the current needs are met without compromising the needs of future generations under the auspices of sustainable development policies. Other statutory provisions designed to meet current needs and